Michiel,
What kind of SSL certificate do you have? Just want to check if it's a shared SSL certificate provided from your hosting company, or if it's one specific to your site. From the certificate chain, it looks like a standard Comodo 3rd party certificate specific to your site, which should be fine, but just want to check.
I'm doing some investigation into the Open Graph tags not working with SSL images, and so far, the only thing I've heard is that shared (or some free) SSL certs can cause a problems if Facebook can't validate the SSL provider. We just did a test with SourceCoast.com and set a secure image for one of our few secured pages, and Facebook properly detected both the secure and non-secure image provided:
developers.facebook.com/tools/debug/og/o...criptions%2Fnew%2F19
So... it seems Facebook doesn't like your site for some reason. One thing I notice now for the linter of your page is that the image it's guessing to use is:
https://www.domovide.nl/myincludes/slir/w50-h50-c1:1/https:/www.domovide.nl/images/avatar/911ba5122ddb40dd818edd26.jpg
That URL doesn't work. Looking at your page, I do see the link to that image. Not sure where it's coming from. While that's likely not the issue, it may be an indicator of some configuration issues with your server/Joomla if links are being generated incorrectly or redirecting improperly. I don't have any suggestions as to where to look, but hopefully, that may give you some ideas.
Hope the above gets you started, but definitely let us know if you have any other questions or make any progress.
Thanks,
Alex